- Date of birth: April 14, 1944
- Native place: Dong Hoi commune, Dong Anh district, Hanoi
- Professional qualifications: Professor, Doctor of Political Science (specializing in Party Building), Bachelor of Literature.

SUMMARY OF CAREER

- 1957-1963: Student at the Nguyen Gia Thieu school in Gia Lam District, Hanoi
- 1963-1967: Student at the Philology Faculty of the University of Hanoi (now the Vietnam National University – Hanoi).
- December 1967- July 1968: Officer at the Documentation Desk of the Study Review (now the Communist Review)
- July 1968 - August 1973: Officer of the Party Building Department of the Communist Review; experiencing a period of internship in Thanh Oai District, Ha Tay Province (now Hanoi) in 1971; Secretary of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union cell of the Communist Review from 1969 to 1973
- August 1973 – April 1976: Undergoing a political-economic post-graduate course at the High-level Nguyen Ai Quoc Party School (now the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics), member of the executive board of the Party cell
- May 1976 - August 1980: Editorial staff of the Party Building Department of the Communist Review, Deputy Secretary of the Party cell
- September 1980 - August 1981: Study Russian language at the High-level Nguyen Ai Quoc Party School (now the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics)
- September 1981 - July 1983: Intern and defending Associate PhD thesis (now PhD thesis) at the Party Building Department of the Academy of Social Sciences of the Soviet Union
- August 1983 - February 1989: Deputy head of the Party Building Department, the Communist Review (October 1983); head of the Party Building Department, the Communist Review (September 1987); Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of the Communist Review (July 1985-December 1988) and Secretary of the Party Committee of the Communist Review (December 1988-December 1991)
- March 1989 – April 1990: Member of the Editorial Board of the Communist Review
- May 1990 – July 1991: Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Communist Review
- August 1991 – August 1996: Editor-in-Chief of the Communist Review
- January 1994: Elected as a member of the Communist Party of Vietnam’s Central Committee at the mid-term national conference in the 7th tenure
- June 1996: Reelected as a member of the Party Central Committee at the 8th National Party Congress
- August 1996 - February 1998: Deputy Secretary of the Hanoi Party Committee, head of the Hanoi Party Committee’s Popularisation and Education Board
- December 1997: Elected as a member of the 8th Political Bureau at the 4th meeting of the 8th Party Central Committee
- February 1998 - January 2000: In charge of the Party's ideological-cultural and scientific-educational affairs
- August 1999-April 2001: Joining the standing board of the Political Bureau
- March 1998 - August 2006: Vice Chairman of the Central Theoretical Council (March 1998-November 2001); Chairman of the Central Theoretical Council, in charge of the Party's theoretical work (November 2001-August 2006)
- January 2000: Secretary of the 12th Hanoi Party Committee
- December 2000: Elected as Secretary of the 13th Hanoi Party Committee at the 13th Party Congress of Hanoi city
- April 2001: Reelected as a member of the Party Central Committee and the Political Bureau at the 9th National Party Congress
- May 2002 - now: Deputy of the 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th National Assembly
- December 2005: Elected as Secretary of the 14th Party Committee of Hanoi (until June 2006) at the 15th Party Congress of the city
- April 2006: Re-elected as a member of the Party Central Committee and the Politburo at the 10th National Party Congress
- June 2006 – July 2011: Chairman of the 11th and 12th National Assembly, Secretary of the National Assembly's Party Organisation, and member of the Council for National Defence and Security
- January 2011-January 2021: General Secretary of the Party Central Committee in the 11th, 12th, 13th tenures; Secretary of the Central Military Commission
- February 2013 – present: Head of the Central Steering Committee on Corruption Prevention and Control
- August 2016 - present: Taking part in the Standing Board of the Central Public Security Party Commission of the 2015-2020 tenure.
- October, 2018 - present: President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Chairman of the National Defence and Security Council in the 2016-2021 tenure, Honorary President of the Vietnam Red Cross.

- January 2011 - Present:

General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Central Committee: 11th, 12th, and 13th terms.
Secretary of the Central Military Commission.
Head of the Central Steering Committee for Anti-Corruption: Since February 2013 (now the Central Steering Committee for Anti-Corruption and Anti-Negativity).
Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Public Security Party Committee: Since August 2016.
President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and Chairman of the National Defense and Security Council: 2016-2021 term (October 23, 2018 - April 2, 2021).
Honorary President of the Vietnam Red Cross Society: 2019-2022.

- February 2, 2023: General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong was awarded the 55-year Party Membership Badge.

- July 18, 2024: General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong was awarded the Gold Star Order for his significant and exceptional contributions to the revolutionary cause of the Party and the nation.

- July 19, 2024: General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong passed away.