VietNamNet Bridge – Farmers in the south-eastern province of Binh Phuoc are entering the peak black pepper harvest season but suffer from a shortage of workers.

A farmer checks his pepper farm in Binh Phuoc Province’s Bu Gia Map District. – VNA/VNS Photo Duong Chi Tuong

In Bu Dop District, the largest pepper growing area in the province, many farmers have to contract workers in advance, increase payment and provide them with lunch.

Do Cao Phong, who owns 4,000 pepper trellises in Bu Dop’s Thien Hung Commune, said he has been looking for workers for harvesting his crop since last month but has only managed to find two.

He needs at least eight workers to harvest his pepper orchard within a month but does not know where to find six more.

Tran Van Luong, a pepper farm owner in Bu Dop’s Tan Thanh Commune, said to make sure he had enough workers for the harvest, he paid wages of VND180,000 – 200,000 (US$7.8 – 8.6) per day, VND20,000 – 50,000 more than last year.

He too has to provide lunch, he said.

“If pepper is ripe and not harvested, the fruit will fall, reducing the output. Not harvesting ripe pepper will cause the plants to become exhausted and the next crop will be poor.”

This year the harvest season began in January close to Tet (Lunar New Year) meaning many labourers returned home to other provinces and cities before and after the festival, causing a shortage.

Besides, Binh Phuoc, the country’s largest cashew producer, is also entering the cashew harvest season and so there is an understandable shortage of labourers, according to pepper farmers.

The high wages and declining pepper prices have caused losses for many farmers in the province.

Pepper fetches VND50,000 ($2.1) a kilogramme, down 25 per cent from a year ago.

Binh Phuoc, which has the third largest pepper growing area in the country, has more than 17,000ha under the spice now, 2,000ha more than the province has zoned for.

Price were high in previous years, inducing farmers to expand cultivation into unzoned areas, according to the province Department of Agriculture and Rural Development.

In Bu Gia Map District’s Đắk Ơ Commune, a well-known pepper growing area, some 530ha had been affected by diseases as of the end of last month, with 230ha of pepper plants dying.

Nguyen Thi Ly, who planted 2,000 pepper trellises in Đắk Ơ four years ago, said they began bearing fruit in the second year.

But their leaves turned yellow and they began to die gradually in the fourth year, she said.

She tried many measures to treat the plants but could not save them.

Than Quoc An Ha of Institute of Applied Materials Science under the Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology said soil conditions and poor drainage are major reasons for the death of pepper plants in Đắk Ơ.

The roots are still healthy and not deep between the plants’ first and third years, and so the pepper grows well. But after the third and fourth years, when the roots grow deeper into the soil, if the soil lacks nutrients or is too hard for the roots to penetrate, the plants weaken and die gradually.

Water drainage is poor in many pepper farms and rainwater does not drain properly as a result, causing outbreaks of fatal fungal diseases in the roots.     

Le Thi Anh Tuyet, deputy director of the province Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, said the province has to review and rezone pepper growing areas.

This would help regulate the area under pepper and manage diseases, yields and food safety and guarantee output, she said.

The province Department of Science and Technology has called on scientists to consider measures to save disease- affected pepper farms.

Pepper is one of the province’s key agricultural products.

Source: VNS